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Array Indexing in C

One interesting one is PMD (for Java), which is opensource. It statically analyses your code and alerts for potential problems.

For C, there is splint (opensource as well), which statically analyses your code for potential coding mistakes and security vulnerabilities.

The full list at Wikipedia is here.

Another great tool, which is not directly related to the above, is Valgrind. While the above statically analyze your code (i.e., they find potential problems by “just looking at the code”), Valgrind is a tool for dynamic analysis, which means, it analyses the code by monitoring the way it runs. It can report possible memory leaks, possible deadlooks, and many other information. (The full tool suite description can be found here). The output of Valgrind is not very easy to read, but with a little practice one can feel more comfortable with it.

There is also a list of tools for dynamic analysis at Wikipedia. It’s located here and may be worths a glance.

Enjoy coding

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Tools to Improve the Quality of Your Code

The following bash script takes a file with brainfuck code (legal characters are ><,.+-[] any other characters are ignored), and generates its C equivalent code, which can then be compiled with a C compiler and executed.

The output of this script lacks indentation. If you insist on having the C code indented you can achieve this by passing the output through a pipe to “indent”, “astyle” or similar programs.

The script should be called in the following way:

./bf.sh code.bf > code.c

Where code.bf is the file containing the brainfuck code.

Here is the code:

You can also download it here:

Make it executable (chmod +x bf.sh) and you’re ready to go.

For examples of brainfuck programs see the article at Wikipedia.

Enjoy

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A Bash Script to Convert brainfuck Code Into C

First, you may want to add this to your aliases file:

(If you don’t have the xclip program, you can easily install it from your package manager.)

Now, say that you have a c program named “hello.c”, to share it, type this (after reloading your aliases file of course):

cat hello.c | share

Now, the code is already in the internet, and the URL is in your clipboard. Go to firefox and click the middle mouse button in the URI area. You’ll see a URL similar to this:

http://sprunge.us/BaFS

To view the code with syntax highlighting and line numbers, just append “?c? (or “?lang” where ‘lang’ is the relevant programming language). So the final URL should look like this:

http://sprunge.us/BaFS?c

Enjoy

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Share Code Snippets Easily From the Command Line

In order to use it, you should have an Email account which supports SMTP (eg. Gmail). This account will be the account we’re sending the messages through.

The script assumes you’re using Gmail, but it can be easily modified to use other Email suppliers (are there any?)

Here is the script, it’s a matlab function:

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function send_mail(recipients, subject, mail_message, attachments)

% send_mail sends a mail message through Gmail

% function send_mail(subject, recipients, mail_message, attachments)

% input arguments:

% subject: A string - subject of the mail

% recipents: A cell array of strings - Email addresses of recipients

%                 eg. {'mail1@mail.com', 'mail2@mail.com'}

% mail_message: A cell array of strings - Actual body of the message A cell per line.

% attachments: A cell array of string - A cell per attachment: path to a file to attach Email.

%                      Use [] for none.

% Define these:

mail = 'myemail@gmail.com'; %Your GMail email address

password = 'mypassword'; %Your GMail password

% Don't touch unless you need to change the Email supplier (currently Gmail)

setpref('Internet','E_mail',mail);

setpref('Internet','SMTP_Server','smtp.gmail.com');

setpref('Internet','SMTP_Username',mail);

setpref('Internet','SMTP_Password',password);

props = java.lang.System.getProperties;

props.setProperty('mail.smtp.auth','true');

props.setProperty('mail.smtp.socketFactory.class', 'javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory');

props.setProperty('mail.smtp.socketFactory.port','465');

% Send the email

sendmail(recipients, subject, mail_message, attachments);

And it can be called this way:

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send_to = {'friend@somesupplier.com'};

subject = 'hello';

message = {...

                   'hi dear!',...

                   'Just wanted to tell you what I think about you',...

                   'I HATE YOU!',...

                   'Not really :)',...

                   'Ah, see the attached pictures'...

          };

mypic1 = '../pictures/blabla/picture1.png';

mypic2 = '../pictures/blabla/picture2.png';

send_mail(send_to, subject, message, {mypic1, mypic2});

Notice that the username/password are hardcoded. If you’re concerned about this, you can pass them as arguments to the function. However, this way you’ll hide them from inside the function, but they’ll appear somewhere in the caller code.

Another method is generating the “pcode” (See Matlab’s help about pcode). In general, it’s an encrypted version of the M-file, which can be interpreted by Matlab, but cannot be read by others. I believe that this is the appropriate method in our case. Once you have the pcode, you don’t need the M-code anymore, and nobody can see your password.  (you can save a m-code version without the password/username inside it for later use if you want).

When I first tested this script, I called it from a 50-iterations for loop, sending the same Email to the same person 50 times (it included a figure from Matlab). Please don’t be like me since it’s an abuse of the script/Gmail, and I believe it’s a violation of Gmails TOS. You might end with your account disabled or blacklisted. So please use it wisely.

Thats it

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Sending Emails with Matlab

Where going to define and implement a function called Stringify, which accepts an integer and returns a string (this can be extended to accept any numeric value).

Here is a C++ code, which implements this function, and uses it in a simple example.

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#include <iostream>

#include <string>

#include  <sstream>



using namespace std;



string

Stringify(int number) {

        ostringstream tmpStr;

        tmpStr << number;

        return(tmpStr.str());

};



int

main() {

        int x = 42;

        string y = "x = " + Stringify(x);

        cout << y << endl;

        return(0);

}

Notice that we included iostream so we can use cout, and sstream so we can use string streams. We also need to include string since we’re dealing with strings.

Hope that this is useful for somebody

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How to Convert a Number into a String in C++

The video shows the strength of using polymorphism instead of switch statements and “if” conditionals, to get a much cleaner cleaner code, allowing it to be more readable, testable and maintainable.

One of the best videos I watched in this series.

www.youtube.com/watch?v=4F72VULWFvc

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The Power of Polymorphism (Video)

Update: Looks like the link is not valid anymore    Anyhow, one always can use http://pastebin.com

Have you ever needed to show a code to a friend? If yes, I have no doubt that you will love Bonetree Box.

This web tool has a very simple and well-designed interface, and working with it is with no doubt a pleasant experience.

The tool has support for a set of popular programming languages, such as C, C++, Bash and more (I believe that this set will be extended over time), and allows you to create a syntax highlighted code snippets with zero effort.

Ah, I almost forgot to mention that this tool supports the usage of TAB for syntax indentation (Which is not a so trivial feature if you think about it).

After writing your code in a textbox, passing the CAPTCHA and clicking the “save” button, you’ll get a link to your code snippet, which is valid for 5 days and resides in a neat, minimalistic and good-looking page.

Now you can pass the link to whoever you want.

Below is a screenshot of how the code snippet looks like:

Click the image for a larger version

Go try it yourself: http://box.bonetree.net/

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Easily Create Code Snippets with Bonetree Box

Purpose: declare an array of strings.

There are two cases here:

First case: You know the number of strings (say NUM_OF_STRINGS), and all strings have the same length – including the terminating ‘\0′ character – (say LENGTH_OF_STRING).

In this case, this is how the array can be declared:

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char* arrayOfStrings[NUM_OF_STRINGS];

for (i = 0; i < NUM_OF_STRINGS; i ++) {

        if (! (arrayOfStrings[i] = (char*)malloc(LENGTH_OF_STRING * sizeof(char))))

                  exit(-1);

};

Second case: Number of strings and length of each string is know only in runtime. In this case your code should look like this:

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char** arrayOfStrings;

int nStrings = GetNumberOfStrings();

int i;

if (! (arrayOfStrings = (char**) malloc(nStrings * sizeof(char*)))

        exit(-1);

for (i = 0; i < nStrings; i ++) {

        int strLen = GetStringLength(); /* Length includes terminating '\0' char */

        if (! (arrayOfStrings[i] = (char*) malloc(strLen * sizeof(char)))

               exit(-1);

};

That’s it. Don’t forget to free the allocated memory when you’re done.

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How to Declare an Array of Strings in C

So, I decided to start caring about how my code looks, even in development stage. Here how I use macros for debug messages. (I needed the help of a friend to get this work).

first of all, define this:

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#define DEBUG



#ifdef DEBUG

#define PRINT_DEBUG(format, args...) printf("\033[31m"format"\033[0m", ##args);

#else

#define PRINT_DEBUG(format, args...)

#endif

(The “strange” \033[31m characters tell the shell to print messages in Red, see my previous post about printing color in Linux)

Now, in your code, to print a debug message, just write something like this:

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PRINT_DEBUG("This is a Debug Message: x+y = %d\n", x+y);

When you’re done developing, just remove the #define DEBUG from your code, and you’re done, no debug messages, and your program’s output is clean.

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Using Macros to Print Debug Messages in C